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各位朋友，大家好，现在是“每天健康三分钟”时间，我是道简-心血管康复医生集团的护士梁金锦，今天有我来给大家讲讲心肌梗塞的四大阶段应该怎样运动。

心肌梗塞患者在日常的生活中要进行适当的运动，来提高机体的抗病能力，加快身体恢复的速度。心肌梗塞在治疗的过程中分为四个阶段，每个阶段有不同的运动方式。那么，一起来看一看心肌梗塞的四个阶段应该怎样运动。

一是急性阶段：一般在急性心肌梗塞后2~3周开始，由于病人尚处于急性期.若体力活动不当易诱发各种并发症。因此，对无并发症、无心绞痛发作、无心律失常持续存在、无血压下降或出现心前区不适、气短气喘等症状，病情相对稳定的病人，可逐渐进行0.5~1.5个代谢当量的身体活动。患者可在家人的帮助和监护下，进行轻微的日常自理活动或卧位呼吸操、肢体远端活动、关节屈伸练习。这一阶段可持续l~2周。

二是恢复早期阶段。除继续做第一阶段的康复体疗外，4~8周当患者情况进一步好转后，其康复活动量可适当增至2~3.5个代谢当量。开始可练习坐起，(每次在20分钟)、(每日一次，每次3~8分钟);尔后逐渐过渡小量的医疗行走、上下1~3级台阶。该时期的康复体疗可持续3~4周。

三是恢复后期阶段：该阶段的体疗内容应以定时定量步行、气功(如静养功、松静功)和配合医疗体操为主，亦可在野外进行行走，骑自行车、划船、爬楼梯等强度适中的有氧运动。随体能进一步恢复，可逐渐增加练习的距离和次数，为逐渐完全恢复日常生活及工作能力做准备。

四是康复阶段。发病6~8个月后，再经过一段时间的康复体疗后，体能基本恢复，在家人和医生的监护下，逐渐增加运动负荷量。运动医学专家建议，为了提高心肌梗塞患者的有氧代谢能力，改善心脏功能，可选择一些有氧耐力性运动项目。

以上为大家介绍了心肌梗塞四个阶段应注意的锻炼和运动方法，患者只有积极地运动锻炼和保健才能有利于身体的更好恢复。最后祝大家生活愉快，身体健康！想了解更多心血管科普小知识，请关注我们，咱们下期见。

【英文版】

How should patients with myocardial infarction exercise in the four stages of myocardial infarction treatment

Dear friends, nice to meet you!Now it is time for “Health talk for three minutes every day”,My name is Liang Jinjin, a nurse of Daojian Doctor Group of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation.Today, I'd like to tell you how to exercise in the four stages of myocardial infarction treatment.

In daily life, patients with myocardial infarction should take proper exerciseto improve the disease resistance and speed up the recovery of the body.Myocardial infarction is pided into four stages in the process of treatment, each stage has a different way of movement. Let's take a look at what kind of exercise patients should take in the four stages of myocardial infarction treatment.

The first is the acute phase.

Generally, it starts from 2 to 3 weeks after acute myocardial infarction.Because the patient is still in the acute stage, improper physical activity can easily lead to various complications.Therefore, patients with relatively stable condition, such as no complications, no angina pectoris attack, no persistent arrhythmia, no blood pressure decline or precordial discomfort, shortness of breath and asthma, can gradually carry out physical activities of 0.5-1.5 metabolic equivalent. With the help and supervision of their family members, patients can carry out minor daily self-care activities or supine breathing exercises, distal limb activities and joint flexion and extension exercises. This stage can last for 1- 2 weeks.

The second is the early stage of recovery.

In addition to continuing rehabilitation treatment, if the patient's condition is further improved after 4-8 weeks of treatment, the rehabilitation activity of patients can be appropriately increased to 2-3.5 metabolic equivalent. You can start sitting up for 20 minutes (once a day, 3-8 minutes each time), and then gradually transition to a small amount of medical walking, up and down 1-3 steps.This stage of rehabilitation therapy can last for 3-4 weeks.

The third is the late stage of recovery.

The contents of physical therapy in this stage should mainly include regular and quantitative walking, Qigong (such as Jingyanggong and Songjinggong) and medical gymnastics.Moderate intensity aerobic exercise such as walking in the field, cycling, rowing and climbing stairs can also be selected. With the further recovery of physical fitness, the distance and frequency of exercises can be gradually increasedto prepare for the gradual complete recovery of daily life and work ability.

Finally, the rehabilitation stage.

Six to eight months after the onset of the disease,after a period of rehabilitation physical therapy, the patient's physical fitness has basically recovered,under the supervision of family members and doctors, patients can gradually increase the exercise load.Sports medicine experts suggest that in order to improve the aerobic metabolism ability and cardiac function of patients with myocardial infarction, some aerobic endurance sports can be selected. Today, we mainly introduce the exercise methods in four stages of myocardial infarction treatment, and only active exercise can help patients recover better.

Finally, I wish you all a happy life and good health!To learn more about cardiovascular disease, please pay attention to us. See you next time.