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各位朋友：

大家好，现在是“每天健康三分钟”时间，我是安阳道简医院的护士高竹君，今天我来给大家讲讲糖尿病的日常注意事项。

当今社会，糖尿病的病人越来越多，虽然医学有在进步，但是糖尿病这个疾病还是没有得到彻底解决，但建立良好的生活习惯对预防疾病发生，或避免疾病进一步加重有益处。

具体日常注意事项如下：

1.定期检测血糖：在医生指导下，学会在家检测血糖水平（包括空腹血糖，餐后2小时血糖），并学会如何识别和治疗高血糖或低血糖，以及如何处理低血糖。

2.饮食：膳食多样化，少食多餐，定时定量，合理控制总热量，避免不规律进食，暴饮暴食。多使用粗纤维食物，如谷物，麦片等，避免进食流质或半流质食物（稀饭等）。

3.控制食盐摄入：每日食盐摄入量不超过6克，伴肾病或高血压的患者，应低于3克。

4.规律锻炼：选择慢跑，太极，瑜伽，骑车，游泳等中低强度有氧运动，每周至少运动5天，每次运动30分钟。

5.戒烟限酒：吸烟会增加心血管疾病风险，应戒烟。每日饮酒不应超过1-2份标准量（1份标准量为啤酒285毫升，红酒100毫升，白酒30毫升）。

6.足部和皮肤检查：学会观察脚部和皮肤是否有异常，一旦发现应及时就诊。

7.定期检测眼底：应每年进行1次眼底检查，以了解是否发生糖尿病视网膜病变。

最后祝大家生活愉快，身体健康！想了解更多心血管科普小知识，请关注我们，咱们下期见。

【英文版】

Daily precautions for patients with diabetes mellitus

Dear friends, nice to meet you!Now it is time for “Health talk for three minutes every day”,My name is Gao Zhujun, a nurse of Anyang Daojian Hospital.Today, I'd like to talk about the daily precautions of diabetes.

In modern society, there are more and more patients with diabetes. Although medicine is progressing, diabetes can not be completely cured.It is beneficial to establish good living habits to prevent the occurrence of diseases or avoid further aggravation of diseases.

The daily precautions of diabetes are as follows.

Blood glucose should be measured regularly. Under the guidance of doctors, learn to test blood glucose levels at home (including FBG and 2hPBG), and learn how to identify and treat hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia and how to deal with hypoglycemia.

Diet.

The diet should be persified, you can have more meals a day but less food at each, eat regularly and quantitatively, and reasonably control the total calories to avoid irregular eating and overeating. Use coarse fiber foods, such as cereals and cereals, and avoid liquid or semi liquid foods (porridge, etc.).

Control salt intake.

The daily intake of salt should not exceed 6 g, and the intake should be less than 3 g for patients with kidney disease or hypertension.

Exercise regularly.

Choose jogging, Taiji, yoga, cycling, swimming and other low intensity aerobic exercise, exercise at least 5 days a week, 30 minutes each time.

Quit smoking and limit alcohol.

Smoking can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, so you should quit smoking. Drinking should not exceed 1 or two standards of drink per day (One standard of drink is 285 ml beer, 100 ml red wine, or 30 ml white wine).

Check the foot and skin.

Learn to judge whether there are abnormalities in the foot and skin. If abnormal, you should see a doctor in time.

Regular fundus testing.

Fundus examination should be performed once a year to find out if diabetic retinopathy occurs.

Finally, I wish you all a happy life and good health!To learn more about cardiovascular disease, please pay attention to us. See you next time.