法国有小镇名字非常奇怪！但中文译名却这样避免尴尬

最近发现一个很搞笑的事，位于法国西南地区比利牛斯的热尔省，这里一个小镇，名叫condom

如果有人问你从哪里来，应该怎么回答，Je viens de condom??? (我来自避孕套)，估计听的人要笑哭了

众所周知，condom/ˈkɑːndəm/英语是“避孕套，安全套”的意思。

不过， 这个小镇名condom其实是来自高卢语单词condate-ó-magos。

高卢语是一种已灭亡的凯尔特语言，通行于古罗马帝国、法兰克人、及不列颠凯尔特人入侵前的高卢。Condatómagos后来经过演变缩写为Conddóm，再然后是condom。

因此，这个小镇的名字与避孕套无关，法语中避孕套的名字是préservatif。

而英语单词condom起源不明，但作为“避孕套”的意思，据说是在17世纪时，英国医师康德姆（Joseph Condom）发明了用小羊盲肠制成的避孕套，之后人们便用他的姓氏condom来命名。

也就是说，阴差阳错之下，法国这一小镇名和英语表示避孕套的condom有了一模一样的拼写，也因此一直被嘲笑。

直到1995年，condom镇的镇长才利用了镇名在英文中的意思，建了一个避孕套博物馆，并售卖周边礼品，以此吸引人前来观光打卡，发展旅游业。

有意思的是，这个法国小镇在维基百科中显示的中文名叫：孔东。

对此，很多网友感慨翻译的力量很是强大，极大化解了镇名的尴尬。

但也有网友觉得差那么点意思，并提议小镇的中文名可取谐音名“康定”，宣传标语可用“到康定，用康定，唱康定情歌”……

真·信达雅了

其实说到奇葩地名，小宇还有看到有网友列出不少不是很污，就是很搞笑的……

比如：

老规矩，最后一起来看一篇四六级/考研难度的文章：

Here's what has to happen for pregnancy to occur after sexualintercourse.

以下讲的是在xing交之后怀孕是如何发生的。

Sperm must swim up the vagina,through the cervical opening,upwards through the uterus, and into one of the two fallopian tubes.If an egg,released during that month's ovulation,is in the tube,one sperm has a chance to fertilize it.

精zi必须游向阴dao，通过宫颈口，向上通过子宫，然后进入两个输卵管中的一个。如果在那个月产生的卵子正好在输卵管中，那么就会有一个精zi有机会与卵子结合。

六级 考研 专八

inter·course /ˈɪntəkɔːs/ /ˈɪntərkɔːrs/n.

①[U]= sexual intercourse性..交the act of having sex【近义表达】carnal knowledge, coitus, copulation, sex

②（想法、感情等的）交流，沟通an exchange of ideas, feelings etc which make people or groups understand each other better【比如】social intercourse社交【近义表达】communication, commerce, contact, dealings

【词根词缀】inter-, 在内，在中间，相互， course, 跑动，跑道。即跑到一起，引申词义交际，性交。

Contraceptives are designed to prevent this process,and they work in three basic ways.

避孕用品就是用来阻止这个过程的，有三种基本的工作原理。

They block the sperm,disable sperm before they reach the uterus,or suppress ovulation. Block is the simplest. Male and female condoms prevent sperm from coming into contact with the vaginal space.

它们阻止精zi，使精zi在到达输卵管前失活，或者抑制排卵。阻止是最简单的方式。男女用避孕套阻止精zi与阴dao接触。

专八

con·tra·cep·tive /ˌkɒntrəˈseptɪv/ /ˌkɑːntrəˈseptɪv/

①n.避孕药；避孕用具；避孕措施a drug, device or practice used to prevent a woman from becoming pregnant【比如】oral contraceptives口服避孕药

②adj.避孕的[only before noun]【比如】contraceptive advice/precautions/methods避孕咨询／措施／方法

四级 六级 考研

prevent from妨碍stop【例句】Nothing can prevent us from reaching our aim．什么也挡不住我们实现自己的目标。

That barrier is also why they,unlike other contraceptive methods,are able to prevent transmission of certain sexually transmitted diseases.Meanwhile,the diaphragm,cervical cap,and spon

ge work by being placed over the cervix, barricading the entrance to the uterus.

这种方式与其它避孕方法不同的是，它能避免某些性病的传播。同时，隔膜、子宫帽和海绵状的东西放在子宫颈上一起发挥作用，阻碍精子进入子宫。

SAT GRE 专八

bar·ri·cade /ˌbærɪˈkeɪd/

①n.路障；街垒a line of objects placed across a road, etc. to stop people from getting past 【例句】The police stormed the barricades the demonstrators had put up.警察冲破了示威者筑起的堡垒。

②v.设路障防护；阻挡to defend or block sth by building a barricade【例句】They barricaded all the doors and windows.他们用障碍物堵住了所有的门窗。

☞barricade yourself in/inside (sth)躲在…里【例句】xioayu had barricaded herself in her room.小宇把自己关在房间里。

These contraceptives are sometimes called barrier methods and can be used with spermicides, an example of the second category ,disable.

这些避孕方法有时被称为障碍避孕法，并且也能与杀精zi剂一起使用，杀精zi剂是第二类使精zi丧失活性的方法。

A spermicide is a chemical that immobilizes and destroys sperm.Today's spermicides come as foam,cream,jelly,suppositories,and even a thin piece of translucentfilm that dissolves in the vagina.

杀精zi剂是一种使精zi丧失机动性进而破坏精zi的化学药物。现在的杀精子剂主要是泡沫、油脂、胶体、栓剂，甚至是一种能在dao道内溶解的半透明薄膜。

托福

im·mo·bil·ize (英式英语写作 immobilise) /ɪˈməʊbəlaɪz/ /ɪˈmoʊbəlaɪz/v.使不动；使不能正常运作to prevent sth/sb from moving or from working normally【例句】She was immobilized with a broken leg.她的腿断了，不能行走。

高考 四级 考研

film/fɪlm/【熟词僻义】除了有“电影；胶片”意思外，还指“薄薄的一层；薄膜”a thin layer of something on a surface【比如】a film of dust/oil/grease 薄薄的一层灰／油／油脂

These products can be inserted directly into the vagina before intercourse,or can be combined with block methods,like a diaphragm or condom,for added proection.

这些产品可以在xing交前直接进入阴dao，或者与阻止法相结合，比如隔膜或者避孕套，用以增加避孕效果。

The third category for preventing pregnancy works by suppressing the action of an egg maturing in the ovary.

第三类防止怀孕的方法是通过抑制卵子在卵巢中的成熟进程。

拓展词汇

ovary /ˈəʊvəri/n.(plural ovaries) (雌性动物的)卵巢；（植物的）子房 the part of a female that produces eggs or a female plant that produces seeds

If there isn't an egg available in the fallopian tube,there's nothing for sperm to fertilize.Hormonal contraceptives,including the pill,the patch,the Depo shot,and the vaginal ring all release synthetic versions of various combinations of progesterone and estrogen.

如果在输卵管中没有可利用的卵子，也就没有精zi和卵子的结合。激素类避孕药物，包括口服药片、膏药、避孕针和阴dao环，都能释放人造的各种孕酮和雌性激素的结合物。

This hormone cocktail suppresses ovulation,keeping the immature egg safely sequestered in the ovary.

这种激素类混合物抑制排卵，使卵巢中未成熟的卵子被安全隔绝。

Synthetic progesterone also has a block trick up its sleeve.It makes cervical mucus too thick and sticky for sperm to swim through easily.

合成孕酮对付避孕也自有一招。它将子宫液变得又粘又稠，使得精zi不易通过。

拓展词汇

trick up (one's) sleeve作为锦囊妙计；留作一手(of a strategy, idea, or resource) kept secret and in reserve for use when needed【例句】xioayu was new to the game but had a few tricks up her sleeve.小宇虽不熟悉这项运动，却自有锦囊妙计。

There are other contraceptives that use multiple approaches at the same time.

其它的避孕方式就是将上面几种方式同时使用。

For example,many IUDs, or intrauterine devices,contain synthetic hormones which suppress ovulation.Some also contain copper,which disable sperm while also making egg implantation in the uterus difficult.

例如，许多子宫内避孕器或者宫内避孕环含有抑制排卵的合成激素。一些含有铜的合成激素可使精zi丧失活性，同时使卵子在子宫内难以生存。

Block,disable,or suppress:is one strategy better than the other?

阻止、失去活性或者抑制，难道这个办法就比另外一个好吗？

There are differences,but a lot of it has to do with how convenient and easy it is to use each contraceptive correctly.

有一定的区别，但这些方法必须要与怎样才能方便、简单地正确使用这些避孕用具有关。

For example,male condoms would be about 98% effective if everyone used them perfectly.That 98% means if 100 couples correctly used condoms for a year,two women would get pregnant.But not everyone uses them correctly, so they're only 82% effective in practice.

例如，男用避孕套如果能被正确地使用的话，有98%都会有效果。98%意味着，如果100对夫妇在一年中正确地使用避孕套，只有两个女性会怀孕。但并不是每个人都能正确使用避孕套，所以事实上只有82%有效果。

Other methods,like the patch and pill,are 99% effective when they're used perfectly.But in practice,that's 91%.

其它方法，比如膏药、药片，如果它们被正确地使用，99%都有效果。可是在实践中，只有91%有效果。

Spermicide is only 85% effective,even with perfect usage,and just 71% effective with typical usage.

而杀精zi剂即使正确使用，效果也仅有85%，如果只是典型使用，那么效果仅为71%。

Another important consideration in the choice of contraceptives areside effects,which almost exclusively affect women rather than men.Hormonal methods in particular can cause symptoms like headaches,nausea,and high blood pressure,but they vary from woman to woman.

另一个选择避孕方式的重要因素是其副作用，这几乎仅仅影响女人，而不是男人。尤其是激素类方法会引起一些症状，比如头疼、恶心以及高血压，但这也只是因人而异。

高考 四级 考研 雅思 托福 专四

con·sid·er·ation /kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃn/ /kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃn/（作计划或决定时）必须考虑的事（或因素、原因）something that must be thought about when you are planning or deciding sth【例句】Time is another important consideration.时间是另一个需要考虑的重要因素。

拓展词汇

side effect

①副作用an unpleasant effect of a drug that happens in addition to the main effect【例句】Does this drug have any side effects? 这种药有什么副作用吗？

②意外后果；意想不到的结果an unexpected or unplanned result of a situation or event【例句】These policy changes could have beneficial side effects for the whole economy.这些政策变动可能会给整个经济带来意外的好处。

That's why these methods require a prescription from a doctor.

这就是为什么这些方法需要医生开处方的原因。

The choice of contraceptive method is a personal one,and what works best for you now may change later.

选择避孕的方法是比较私人的，并且好的方法对同一个人的效果也可能前后不一。

Scientists also continue to research new methods,such as a male pill that would prevent sperm production.In the meantime,there are quite a few option

s to block sperm,disable them,or suppress eggs and keep them out of reach.

科学家也在继续研究新的方法，比如阻止精zi产生的男性避孕药。同时，也有相当多的选择来阻止精zi、使它失去活性或者抑制卵子使它和精zi无法接触。

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