饮食中添加葡萄多酚，既延寿又能改善帕金森

饮食中添加葡萄多酚，既延寿又能改善帕金森

【文献解读】

植物多酚因其具有较高的抗氧化性和其他生物活性而备受关注。2020年11月，俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院联邦研究中心细胞学与遗传学研究所的研究团队在期刊《MOLECULES》发表了文章：葡萄多酚（GP）对小鼠寿命的影响，以及帕金森病（PD）转基因小鼠模型中行为和神经炎性的改变。

本实验以小鼠为模式生物，对照组的小鼠接受了实验室小鼠的标准颗粒状食物和纯水。将GP组的小鼠赋予标准的食物和葡萄聚苯酚水溶液。结果表明，GP显著影响了小鼠的累积存活比例，并显著延长了小鼠的平均寿命。在转基因帕金森病模型的被动回避试验中，GP饮食增强了记忆的巩固，减少了记忆的消退。GP治疗的行为效应伴随着额叶皮质α-synuclein积累的减少和额叶皮质和海马神经炎症标志物表达的减少。因此，富含GP的营养被推荐为老年人和神经退行性疾病患者的有前途的功能营养。

注：A53T突变型α突变型突变体GPC过表达和饮食补充GPC 4个月对被动回避实验小鼠记忆提取(A)和记忆消退(B)的影响

研究结果证实了葡萄多酚在体内对α-突触核蛋白的神经保护作用。因此，建议在饮食中添加葡萄多酚浓缩物，作为老年人和神经退行性疾病患者，特别是帕金森氏病患者的功能性营养。

【文献节选】

Functional nutrition is a valuable supplementation to dietary therapy . Functional foods are enriched with biologically active substances. Plant polyphenols attract particular attention due to multiple beneficial properties attributed to their high antioxidant and other biological activities. We assessed the effect of grape polyphenols on the life span of C57BL/6 mice and on behavioral and neuroinflammatory alterations in a transgenic mouse model of Parkinson disease (PD) with overexpression of the A53T-mutant human α-synuclein. C57BL/6 mice were given a dietary supplement containing grape polyphenol concentrate (GPC—1.5 mL/kg/day) with drinking water from the age of 6–8 weeks for life. Transgenic PD mice received GPC beginning at the age of 10 weeks for four months. GPC significantly influenced the cumulative proportion of surviving and substantially augmented the average life span in mice. In the transgenic PD model, the grape polyphenol (GP) diet enhanced memory reconsolidation and diminished memory extinction in a passive avoidance test. Behavioral effects of GP treatment were accompanied by a decrease in α-synuclein accumulation in the frontal cortex and a reduction in the expression of neuroinflammatory markers(IBA1andCD54) inthefrontal cortex and hippocampus.