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各位朋友大家好，现在是“每天健康3分钟时间”我是道简-心血管康复医生集团的医生杨超超，今天由我给大家讲讲-阿托伐他汀钙片在心脑血管疾病中的应用。

阿托伐他汀钙片，是常用的一个降脂类药物，它的适应症为1.高胆固醇血症患者。2.冠心病（如急性冠脉综合征、稳定性冠心病、冠脉血运重建术后等）或其他动脉粥样硬化性心、脑血管疾病（如缺血性心肌病、缺血性脑卒中、短暂性脑缺血发作、外周动脉粥样硬化病等）的二级预防治疗，以降低患者发生心肌梗死、卒中和血运重建的风险。

患者在开始本品治疗前，应进行标准的低胆固醇饮食控制，在整个治疗期间也应维持合理膳食。应根据低密度脂蛋白胆固醇基线水平、治疗目标和患者的治疗效果进行剂量的个体化调整。常用的起始剂量为10mg，每日一次。剂量调整时间间隔应为4周或更长。本品最大剂量为每天一次80mg,但这样的剂量很少使用,因为高剂量可以引起肝功等异常，所以通常用量为20毫克，可在一天内的任何时间服用，并不受进餐影响。

在服用他汀类药物之前一定要告诉医生自己正在服用的药物，因为，他汀类易与其它药物相互作用，从而导致严重后果。如洛伐他汀、辛伐他汀、阿托伐他汀与红霉素、克拉霉素、伊曲康唑等联用时，就要注意调整药物剂量，避免发生肌溶解和急性肾功能衰竭。

它的副作用有以下这些头痛，皮疹，头晕，视物模糊，味觉的障碍，偶尔会见到有肝功能的异常，转氨酶的升高。有一部分人比较少见的出现失眠，还有一些非常罕见的副作用是肌痛、肌炎，横纹肌溶解，乏力，发烧等等这些情况，如出现这些情况应该及时咨询医生调整用药。

对于已经发生过心脑血管疾病的患者，或者有高危因素（如糖尿病、高血压）的患者，即使血脂水平已经降到正常范围，也需要在医生的指导下坚持长期服用他汀类药物，预防疾病再次发生。

那么阿托伐他汀钙片在服用后多久可以起效，可维持多长时间，漏服、和过量服用怎么办？1、阿托伐他汀钙片口服后迅速吸收，1-2小时内血药效浓度达到高峰，连续用药3-5天胆固醇开始下降，通常2周左右达到最大降幅。2、如果漏服在12小时内发现，可尽快补服。如果漏服超过12小时，则不用补服，次日正常服药即可；绝不可一次服用双倍剂量。如果误服剂量过大，应立即就医。

最后祝大家生活愉快，身体健康！了解更多心血管科普知识，请关注我们，咱们下期见。

【英文版】

Application of Atorvastatin Calcium Tablet in the Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases

Dear friends, nice to meet you!Now it is time for “Health talk for three minutes every day”,My name is Yang Chaochao, a doctor of DaoJian Doctor Group of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation. Today let me tell you about the application of atorvastatin calcium tablet in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Atorvastatin calcium tablet is a commonly used lipid-lowering drug. It is used for secondary prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia, coronary heart disease (such as acute coronary syndrome, stable coronary heart disease, after coronary revascularization and so on) or other atherosclerotic heart and cerebrovascular diseases (such as ischemic cardiomyopathy, ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, peripheral arteriosclerosis and so on) to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and revascularization.Before taking the drug, patients should be given standard low cholesterol diet control, and reasonable diet should be maintained during the whole treatment period.

The dosage should be adjusted inpidually according to the baseline level of LDL-C, the therapeutic target and the therapeutic effect of patients. The common starting dose is 10 mg once a day. The interval of dose adjustment should be 4 weeks or more. Its maximum dose is 80 mg once a day, but such a dose is rarely used. Because high dose can cause abnormal liver function, the usual dosage is 20 mg. It can be taken at any time of the day and is not affected by meals.Be sure to tell your doctor what you are taking before taking statins, because statins are easy to interact with other drugs, leading to serious consequences. When lovastatin, simvastatin and atorvastatin are combined with erythromycin, clarithromycin and itraconazole, the dosage should be adjusted to avoid myolysis and acute renal failure.Its side effects include headache, rash, dizziness, blurred vision, taste disorders, occasionally abnormal liver function and elevated transaminase. Some people have rare insomnia, and some very rare side effects are myalgia, myositis, rhabdomyolysis, fatigue, fever and so on.

If these situations occur, the doctor should be consulted in time to adjust the medication.For patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases or patients with high risk factors (such as diabetes, hypertension), even if the blood lipid level has dropped to the normal range, they also need to adhere to taking statins for a long time under the guidance of doctors to prevent the recurrence of the disease.

So how long can atorvastatin calcium tablet take effect after taking it, and how long can it last?

How about missed and overdose?

First, after oral administration of atorvastatin calcium tablet, it is absorbed rapidly,

and the blood concentration reaches the peak within 1 to 2 hours. After 3 to 5 days of continuous medication, the cholesterol begins to decrease and usually reaches the maximum reduction range about 2 weeks.

Second, if the missed drug is found within 12 hours, it can be replenished as soon as possible. If the missed drug is more than 12 hours, it is not necessary to make up for it. The medicine should be taken according to the normal dose the next day, and the double doses can not be taken at a time.

Third, if too much medicine is taken by mistake, seek medical advice immediately.

Finally, I wish you all a happy life and good health! To learn more knowledge about cardiovascular disease, please pay attention to us.See you next time.