翻译练习：How To Harness The Digital Transformation（3）

社会行为技能

Second, technology created seismic shifts in the mix of skills required to succeed in the labor market. While returns to routine, job-specific skills are declining, the premium for skills that cannot be replaced by robots has been increasing; these include cognitive skills such as critical thinking, as well as socio- behavioral skills such as managing and recognizing emotions that enhance teamwork. Earnings are higher for those who have a combination of these skills. The evolving world of work demands adaptable skills that enable workers to transfer more easily from one task to another. Since 2001, the share of employement in occupations intensive in non-routine cognitive and socio-behavioral skills has increased from 19% to 23% in emerging economies, and from 33% to 41% in advanced economies.

第二，技术造成在劳动力市场获得成功的技能组合发生了剧变。虽然常规的，特定技能的回报在减少，但是机器人不能代替的那些技能的溢价却在升高；这些技能包括认知能力技能，如批判性思考，还有社会行为技能，如提升团队合作的管理和识别情绪的技能。那些能同时拥有这些技能的人为此挣得更高。不断发展的职场需要工人具备更容易适应从一个任务转移到另一个的技能，从2001年开始，在新兴经济体中技能密集型职位的就业所占份额，非常规认知与社会行为技能的从19%增长到了23%，在发达经济体中，这一比例从33%上升到了41%。

零工经济

Third, digital technology changed the terms of work. Rather than "standard" long-term contracts, digital technologies have given rise to more short-term work, often via online work platforms. These "gigs" make certain kinds of work more accessible and flexible. That said, despite the hype, the gig economy as of now has been slow to take over traditional occupations. The largest three global gig platforms - Freelancer of Australia, Upwork in the United States, and Zhubajia in China - have 60 million total users; only 0.3-0.5% of the active labor force participate in the gig economy globally.

第三，数据技术改变了工作条件。相比“标准”的长期合同，数据技术提供了更多的短期合同，通常通过在线工作平台。这些“零活”使某些类型工作更易获得，也更灵活。也就是说，尽管大肆炒作，零活经济取代传统岗位一直都很慢。最大的三个全球零活平台——澳大利亚的Freelancer，美国的Upwork和中国的猪八戒网——有6000万用户；只有0.3-0.6%的活跃劳动力参与到了全球零活经济中。