一块电池的背后：贵州锂电材料走向海外 Inside a Battery: Guizhou's Bid to Enter Global Supply Chains

8月20日，毕节高新区贵航新能源车间里，4条生产线满负荷运转。一批批锂电池经过生产、检测和包装，从这里发往海外。

On Aug. 20, four production lines were running at full capacity at Guihang New Energy in Bijie, southwest China's Guizhou Province, with lithium-ion batteries being tested, packed and prepared for overseas shipment.

贵航新能源科技有限公司生产车间。

公司80%以上的产品销往海外市场。2026年1至7月，外贸出口额接近7000万元，同比增长约50%。贵阳海关数据显示，同年上半年，贵州锂电池出口14.2亿元，同比增长126.5%。

The scene reflects a broader surge in the province's battery exports. Guizhou shipped 1.42 billion yuan ($198 million) worth of lithium-ion batteries overseas in the first half of 2026, up 126.5% from a year earlier, according to Guiyang Customs. At Guihang, more than 80% of its products are sold abroad. The company's exports reached nearly 70 million yuan in the first seven months of the year, up about 50% year on year.

这是电池产业链的下游。沿着生产环节向上游走，贵州生产的部分电池材料也开始进入海外市场。

The batteries leaving Bijie sit at the downstream end of the industry. Further upstream, some of the materials that go into them are also beginning to reach international markets.

一块锂离子电池主要由正极、负极、隔膜和电解液等部分构成。贵州生产的材料已经进入其中多个环节，从磷酸铁、磷酸铁锂等正极材料及前驱体，到石墨负极材料，再到电解液原料六氟磷酸锂。

To understand where Guizhou fits into the battery industry, start with the battery itself. A lithium-ion battery has four basic components: the cathode, anode, separator and electrolyte. Guizhou already produces materials for three of them. The province makes iron phosphate — a precursor to lithium iron phosphate (LFP) — as well as LFP itself. It also produces graphite anode materials and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), a key salt used in lithium-ion battery electrolytes.

这些材料走向海外的路径并不相同。有的材料已经实现直接出口。

These materials are reaching international markets in different ways. Some are already being exported directly.

2025年7月，位于黔南州福泉市的贵州磷化新能源科技有限责任公司生产的24吨六氟磷酸锂经上海港发往韩国，实现贵州该产品首次出口。

In July 2025, Guizhou made its first overseas shipment of LiPF6, sending 24 tonnes to the republic of Korea via Shanghai. The material was produced by Guizhou Phosphate Chemical New Energy Technology Co. in Fuquan.

六氟磷酸锂发往韩国（企业供图）。

六氟磷酸锂是锂离子电池电解液的重要原料。贵州磷化新能源年产1万吨六氟磷酸锂项目于2023年11月投产，从生产线投产到首批产品出口，间隔约一年半。其间，技术团队进行了数千次参数调试和设备优化，产品通过韩国买方质量审核后进入当地市场。

LiPF6 is a key salt used in lithium-ion battery electrolytes. Guizhou Phosphate Chemical New Energy's 10,000-tonne-a-year LiPF6 project began production in November 2023, roughly a year and a half before its first overseas shipment. During that period, the technical team made thousands of adjustments to production parameters and equipment before the material passed a quality audit by the South Korean buyer.

在黔南州瓮安县，贵州雅友新材料有限公司生产的磷酸铁也已进入韩国、印度尼西亚市场。磷酸铁是制备磷酸铁锂正极材料的重要前驱体。到2026年8月，雅友年产10万吨磷酸铁生产线单日产能达到360吨。

Iron phosphate made in Weng'an County has also reached overseas buyers. Guizhou Yayou New Materials Co. says its products have entered markets in the republic of Koreaand Indonesia. By August 2026, the company's iron phosphate line — designed for 100,000 tonnes a year — was producing as much as 360 tonnes a day.

但直接出口并不是参与全球电池产业链的唯一方式。

Direct exports, however, tell only part of the story.

在铜仁市大龙经济开发区，负极材料企业通过进入国内外电池企业的供应体系，形成了另一种联系。

In the Dalong Economic Development Zone in Tongren, graphite anode producers have taken another route: supplying major battery manufacturers at home and abroad.

贵州凯金新能源车间（企业供图）。

2026年2月，贵州凯金新能源科技有限公司已建成10万吨负极材料一体化生产线，并与宁德时代、比亚迪、日本松下、韩国LG、SKI等电池企业建立合作。

Guizhou Kaijin New Energy Technology Co. operates an integrated anode-material production line with an annual capacity of 100,000 tonnes and works with battery makers including CATL, BYD, Panasonic, LG and SKI, according to the Tongren Daily.

2026年7月，贵州中科星城石墨有限公司已形成8万吨负极材料和6.5万吨石墨化加工产能，与比亚迪、中创新航、亿纬锂能等企业保持合作。两家企业主营的负极材料全国市场占有率合计达到22%。

Another local producer, Guizhou Zhongke Xingcheng Graphite Co., has an annual capacity of 80,000 tonnes of anode materials and 65,000 tonnes of graphitization processing. Its customers include BYD, CALB and EVE Energy. Together, the two companies account for about 22% of China's anode-material market.

随着材料进入不同市场，供应链的要求也在变化。

Getting into those supply chains is also becoming more demanding.

根据欧盟《电池与废电池法规》（EU 2023/1542），从2027年2月18日起，电动汽车电池、容量超过2千瓦时的工业电池等相关类别须配备电子“电池护照”。法规还分别对碳足迹、再生材料等提出分阶段要求。这些规定直接针对相关电池产品及市场经营主体，但部分信息需要沿供应链向上追溯。当下游电池企业需要核算碳足迹、追踪材料来源时，上游材料供应商也可能需要提供相应的产品和生产数据。

The European Union offers one example. Under its Batteries and Waste Batteries Regulation, electric-vehicle batteries and industrial batteries with a capacity above 2 kilowatt-hours, among other covered categories, will need a digital battery passport from Feb. 18, 2027. The regulation is also phasing in requirements on carbon footprints and recycled content. The rules apply directly to covered batteries and the companies placing them on the European market. But some of the information needed for compliance reaches further upstream. A battery maker calculating a product's carbon footprint or tracing the origin of its materials may also need data from cathode, anode and electrolyte suppliers.

贵州也在推进碳足迹管理体系建设。2025年11月，贵州省生态环境厅等15部门印发《贵州省碳足迹管理体系建设方案》。该方案是落实国家碳足迹管理体系建设要求的一部分，同时提出持续跟踪主要贸易伙伴涉碳政策和国际产品碳足迹规则。

Separately, Guizhou is developing a carbon-footprint management system as part of a broader national effort. In November 2025, 15 provincial authorities, including Guizhou's Department of Ecology and Environment, issued a plan to develop a carbon-footprint management system. The plan includes tracking carbon-related policies among China's major trading partners and developments in international product carbon-footprint rules.

同月，位于贵阳市开阳县的贵州安达科技能源股份有限公司依据ISO 14067等标准完成产品碳足迹核查。公司副总经理季勇表示，企业将进一步细化碳管理措施、持续降低产品碳强度。

That same month, Guizhou Anda Energy Technology Co., an LFP cathode-material producer based in Kaiyang County, completed a product carbon-footprint assessment under standards including ISO 14067. The company said it would further refine its carbon-management practices and reduce the carbon intensity of its products.

从直接出口到进入国内外电池企业的供应体系，贵州材料与海外市场的联系已经出现了不同形式。这些联系所处的阶段也并不相同：有的刚完成首次出口，有的已经进入下游企业的供应网络。

Guizhou's battery materials are now reaching international markets in different ways: some through direct exports, others through the supplier networks of major battery manufacturers.

接下来更值得观察的，是这些已经出现的出口和合作，能否形成持续订单和更稳定的供应关系。

What comes next will be harder to capture in a single export figure. The question is whether these early shipments and business relationships can develop into sustained orders — and give Guizhou a more durable place in international battery supply chains.

天眼新闻记者 朱紫蒨 韦雨辛

编辑 喻辉

二审 李劼

三审 田旻佳