Tesla Confirms The Switch To 48 Volt System

特斯拉继续改进其电动汽车的低压系统。与绝大多数其他汽车一样，特斯拉汽车目前的系统也是 12 伏。

Tesla moves forward with applying improvements to the low-voltage system of its electric vehicles, which so far was operating at roughly 12 volts just like in the vast majority of other cars.

在刚刚过去的"投资者日"期间，特斯拉的代表确认了引入 48V 系统的意向。在汽车行业这将是一个罕见的解决方案。

During the recent 2023 Investor Day, Tesla's representatives confirmed the intention to introduce a 48V system, which despite many years, is still a rare solution in the automotive industry.

特斯拉的第一步必须从 12V 铅酸辅助电池转换为 12V 锂离子辅助电池。特斯拉于 2021 年 2 月发布了该电池最初在更新的 Model S 和 Model X 中推出，后来也用于 Model 3 和 Model Y。

The first step for Tesla was the switch from 12V lead-acid auxiliary batteries to 12V lithium-ion auxiliary batteries, announced in February 2021, and initially launched in the refreshed Tesla Model S/Model X (starting with the Plaid) - see an in-depth teardown here - and later used also in the Model 3/Model Y (in late 2021).

据特斯拉称，旧款铅酸电池常常是特斯拉汽车出现故障的主要原因，大约四年左右就需要更换一次。 而新的锂离子电池，就像主牵引电池一样，终身不需要更换。

According to Tesla, the old lead-acid batteries were a major source of failures in Tesla cars, and they needed a replacement about every four years or so. The new lithium-ion batteries are expected to withstand the lifetime of the car (just like the main traction battery), so there should be no replacement needed at all.

这种替换，其进步是很明显的。锂离子辅助电池尺寸更小、重量更轻，重量减少了 87%。

That's the obvious improvement, on top of which comes a smaller size and lower weight (87 percent reduction).

特斯拉表示，从今年即将生产的 Cybertruck 到 Optiums 机器人，以及未来的所有电动汽车开始，都将使用 48V 低压系统。

Tesla says that starting with the Cybertruck (this year), the Optiums robot, and all future electric vehicles, the 48V low-voltage system will be used.

额外信息 - 汽车行业是在 1960 年代从 6V 转向 12V。目前较小的车辆可能仍使用 6V系统，而较大的车辆使用 24V系统。

For reference, the automotive industry moved from 6V to 12V in the 1960s (currently smaller vehicles might still use 6V, while larger vehicles use 24V).

特斯拉使用的 48V 系统与 12V 系统相比，电流将降低四分之一，因此这个电压水平仍然被认为是安全的。

Tesla will use a 48V system because it will reduce the current by a factor of four, compared to 12V systems. This voltage level is still considered safe.

随着车载电气设备的电力需求稳步增加，如果依然使用 12V 系统，电线会变得又粗又重，且增加成本。

The increase in voltage is a necessity as power demand for onboard electrical devices steadily increases and at 12V, the wires are becoming thick, heavy, and costly.

使用 48V 系统，重量和成本都会显著降低，同时效率可能会得到提升。

With a 48V system, there will be noticeable weight and cost savings, while at the same time, efficiency might increase.

就特斯拉、甚至整个汽车行业而言，这都将是一个非常有趣的改变，不知道特斯拉会不会考虑自己生产这类辅助电池。

That's a really interesting change, which will also require a new 48V lithium-ion auxiliary battery - in the case of Tesla, it might even be produced in-house (we don't know yet).