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各位朋友：

大家好，现在是“每天健康三分钟”时间，我是道简-心血管康复集团的护士侯思家，今天由我来给大家讲讲心脏支架术后如何护理。

心脏介入是一种新型诊断与治疗心血管疾病技术，经过穿刺体表血管，在数字减影机的连续投照下,送入心脏导管，通过特定的心脏导管操作技术对心脏病进行确诊和治疗的诊治方法，放了支架后的护理也是非常重要的，术后患者的护理有以下几点：

饮食护理多饮水：

因术后极易引起腹胀，一般不宜饮食过饱，不宜进食不易消化的食物，不宜喝牛奶、豆浆、碳酸饮料,不宜吃生冷食物。最好吃-些粥类、汤类或半流质食物待可以下床活动后再如常进食。因害怕术后大、小便而不愿进食或喝水是错误的，这样会造成低血压、低血糖等严重后果特别不利于造影剂的排出，适量多饮水, 一般4小时内摄入量维持在1000~ 2000毫升

心理护理：

介入手术对病人来说是一种严重的心理应激源可能会直接影响正常心理活动，避免情绪紧张,减少刺激保持乐观的心态，不可以发怒以防影响术后恢复

遵医嘱服药：

出院后应遵医嘱坚持按时服药

①抗血小板药物:为了减少由于内皮细胞损伤和血小板激活引起支架内血栓，抗血小板治疗非常重要，最常用的为阿司匹林，常规剂量为每日100毫克，一般建议术后终身服用。

②硝酸酯类:可扩张血管，减轻心脏负荷。常用硝酸甘油，硝酸异山梨酯等

③降脂药物:降脂类药物不单是隆脂作用，同时还有抗动脉粥样硬化，稳定斑块作用。如辛伐他丁，阿托伐他汀

④波立维:每日-次，每次75mg.服用1年左右

支架术后恢复一段时间后，患者可适当参加体育锻炼，运动量以不引起心脏不适或气短为指标,如果运动后脉搏大于休息时20次/分钟， 运动应减量，勿过度劳累，清淡饮食，一定保证充足的睡眠;保持大便通畅，勿用力排便，定期复查，如有不适及时就诊

最后祝大家生活愉快，身体健康！想了解更多心血管科普小知识，请关注我们，咱们下期见。

【英文版】

How to care after cardiac stenting?

Dear friends, nice to meet you!Now it is time for “health talk for three minutes every day”,My name is Hou Sijia, a nurse of Daojian Doctor Group of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation.Today, I'd like to talk about how to care after cardiac stent surgery.

Cardiac intervention is a new technology for diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After puncturing the blood vessels on the body surface, it is sent into the cardiac catheter under the continuous projection of digital subtraction. It is a diagnosis and treatment method for heart disease through specific cardiac catheter operation technology. The nursing after cardiac stent implantation is also very important.

Diet nursing, drinking water moreBecause it is easy to cause abdominal distension after operation, it is generally not suitable to eat too much food,not easy to digest food, not to drink milk, soybean milk, carbonated drinks, not to eat raw and cold food. The postoperative diet was mainly porridge, soup or semi liquid food, and then normal diet after getting out of bed. It is wrong to be unwilling to eat or drink water for fear of inconvenient urination and defecation after operation, which will cause serious consequences such as hypotension and hypoglycemia, especially not conducive to the discharge of contrast medium. Drink more water in an appropriate amount. Generally, the water intake within 4 hours should be maintained at 1000 ~ 2000 ml.

Psychological care:

Interventional surgery is a serious psychological stressor for patients, which may directly affect the normal psychological activities.Postoperative patients should avoid emotional tension, reduce stimulation, maintain an optimistic attitude, and should not be angry, so as not to affect the postoperative recovery.

Take medicine according to the doctor's advice:

After discharge, they should take medicine on time according to the doctor's advice.

① Antiplatelet drugs.

In order to reduce in stent thrombosis caused by endothelial cell injury and platelet activation, antiplatelet therapy is very important.The most commonly used antiplatelet drug is aspirin. The routine dose is 100 mg per day.It is generally recommended to take aspirin for life after operation.

② Nitrates. It can dilate blood vessels and reduce the load of heart.Commonly used drugs are nitroglycerin, isosorbide nitrate, etc.

③ Lipid lowering drugs.

Lipid lowering drugs not only promote lipid, but also have anti atherosclerotic and stable plaque effects.Such as simvastatin, atorvastatin and so on.

④ Plavix. 75 mg once a day for about one year.

After a period of recovery after stent implantation, patients can take part in physical exercise appropriately. The goal of exercise is not to cause cardiac discomfort or shortness of breath. If the pulse after exercise is 20 times / min faster than that at rest, the amount of exercise should be reduced,not overworked, light diet and adequate sleep should be ensured.Keep defecation unobstructed, do not force defecation, take regular review, if there is discomfort, you should get timely treatment.

Finally, I wish you all a happy life and good health!To learn more about cardiovascular disease, please pay attention to us. See you next time.