来源：Victor.Chang链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35402412/article/details/113627625

目的

爬取搜狗图片上千张美女图片并下载到本地

准备工作

爬取地址：https://pic.sogou.com/pics?query=美女

图片

分析

打开上面的地址，按F12开发者工具 - NetWork - XHR - 页面往下滑动XHR栏出现请求信息如下：

Request URL ：https://pic.sogou.com/napi/pc/searchList?mode=1&start=48&xml_len=48&query=美女

分析这段请求URL的主要几个参数：

• start=48 表示从第48张图片开始检索
• xml_len=48 从地48张往后获取48张图片
• query=？搜索关键词（例：美女，这里浏览器自动做了转码，不影响我们使用）

图片

点击Respose，找个JSON格式器辅助过去看看。

图片

JSON格式：https://www.bejson.com/

分析Respose返回的信息，可以发现我们想要的图片地址放在 picUrl里，

图片

思路

通过以上分析，不难实现下载方法，思路如下：

1. 设置URL请求参数
2. 访问URL请求，获取图片地址
3. 图片地址存入List
4. 遍历List，使用线程池下载到本地

代码

SougouImgProcessor.java 爬取图片类

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;  
import us.codecraft.webmagic.utils.HttpClientUtils;  
import victor.chang.crawler.pipeline.SougouImgPipeline;  
  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.List;  
  
/**  
 * A simple PageProcessor.  
 * @author code4crafter@gmail.com 
  
 * @since 0.1.0  
 */  
public class SougouImgProcessor {  
  
    private String url;  
    private SougouImgPipeline pipeline;  
    private List dataList;  
    private List urlList;  
    private String word;  
  
    public SougouImgProcessor(String url,String word) {  
        this.url = url;  
        this.word = word;  
        this.pipeline = new SougouImgPipeline();  
        this.dataList = new ArrayList<>();  
        this.urlList = new ArrayList<>();  
    }  
  
    public void process(int idx, int size) {  
        String res = HttpClientUtils.get(String.format(this.url, idx, size, this.word));  
        JSONObject object = JSONObject.parseObject(res);  
        List items = (List)((JSONObject)object.get("data")).get("items");  
        for(JSONObject item : items){  
            this.urlList.add(item.getString("picUrl"));  
        }  
        this.dataList.addAll(items);  
    }  
  
    // 下载  
    public void pipelineData(){  
        // 多线程  
        pipeline.processSync(this.urlList, this.word);  
    }  
  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        String url = "https://pic.sogou.com/napi/pc/searchList?mode=1&start=%s&xml_len=%s&query=%s";  
        SougouImgProcessor processor = new SougouImgProcessor(url,"美女");  
  
        int start = 0, size = 50, limit = 1000; // 定义爬取开始索引、每次爬取数量、总共爬取数量  
  
        for(int i=start;i

SougouImgPipeline.java 图片下载类

import java.io.File;  
import java.io.FileOutputStream;  
import java.io.InputStream;  
import java.net.URL;  
import java.net.URLConnection;  
import java.util.List;  
import java.util.Objects;  
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;  
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;  
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;  
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;  
  
/**  
 * Store results in files.
  
 * @author code4crafter@gmail.com 
  
 * @since 0.1.0  
 */  
public class SougouImgPipeline {  
  
    private String extension = ".jpg";  
    private String path;  
  
    private volatile AtomicInteger suc;  
    private volatile AtomicInteger fails;  
  
    public SougouImgPipeline() {  
        setPath("E:/pipeline/sougou");  
        suc = new AtomicInteger();  
        fails = new AtomicInteger();  
    }  
  
    public SougouImgPipeline(String path) {  
        setPath(path);  
        suc = new AtomicInteger();  
        fails = new AtomicInteger();  
    }  
  
    public SougouImgPipeline(String path, String extension) {  
        setPath(path);  
        this.extension = extension;  
        suc = new AtomicInteger();  
        fails = new AtomicInteger();  
    }  
  
    public void setPath(String path) {  
        this.path = path;  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * 下载  
     * @param url  
     * @param cate  
     * @throws Exception  
     */  
    private void downloadImg(String url, String cate, String name) throws Exception {  
        String path = this.path + "/" + cate + "/";  
        File dir = new File(path);  
        if (!dir.exists()) {    // 目录不存在则创建目录  
            dir.mkdirs();  
        }  
        String realExt = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf("."));   // 获取扩展名  
        String fileName = name + realExt;  
        fileName = fileName.replace("-", "");  
        String filePath = path + fileName;  
        File img = new File(filePath);  
        if(img.exists()){   // 若文件之前已经下载过，则跳过  
            System.out.println(String.format("文件%s已存在本地目录",fileName));  
            return;  
        }  
  
        URLConnection con = new URL(url).openConnection();  
        con.setConnectTimeout(5000);  
        con.setReadTimeout(5000);  
        InputStream inputStream = con.getInputStream();  
        byte[] bs = new byte[1024];  
  
        File file = new File(filePath);  
        FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(file, true);  
        // 开始读取 写入  
        int len;  
        while ((len = inputStream.read(bs)) != -1) {  
            os.write(bs, 0, len);  
        }  
        System.out.println("picUrl: " + url);  
        System.out.println(String.format("正在下载第%s张图片", suc.getAndIncrement()));  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * 单线程处理  
     *  
     * @param data  
     * @param word  
     */  
    public void process(List data, String word) {  
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();  
        for (String picUrl : data) {  
            if (picUrl == null)  
                continue;  
            try {  
                downloadImg(picUrl, word, picUrl);  
            } catch (Exception e) {  
                fails.incrementAndGet();  
            }  
        }  
        System.out.println("下载成功: " + suc.get());  
        System.out.println("下载失败: " + fails.get());  
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();  
        System.out.println("耗时：" + (end - start) / 1000 + "秒");  
    }  
  
  
    /**  
     * 多线程处理  
     *  
     * @param data  
     * @param word  
     */  
    public void processSync(List data, String word) {  
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();  
        int count = 0;  
        ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); // 创建缓存线程池  
        for (int i=0;i {  
                try {  
                    downloadImg(picUrl, word, finalName);  
                } catch (Exception e) {  
                    fails.incrementAndGet();  
                }  
            });  
            count++;  
        }  
        executorService.shutdown();  
        try {  
            if (!executorService.awaitTermination(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {  
                // 超时的时候向线程池中所有的线程发出中断(interrupted)。  
                // executorService.shutdownNow();  
            }  
            System.out.println("AwaitTermination Finished");  
            System.out.println("共有URL: "+data.size());  
            System.out.println("下载成功: " + suc);  
            System.out.println("下载失败: " + fails);  
  
            File dir = new File(this.path + "/" + word + "/");  
            int len = Objects.requireNonNull(dir.list()).length;  
            System.out.println("当前共有文件： "+len);  
  
            long end = System.currentTimeMillis();  
            System.out.println("耗时：" + (end - start) / 1000.0 + "秒");  
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
  
    }  
  
  
    /**  
     * 多线程分段处理  
     *  
     * @param data  
     * @param word  
     * @param threadNum  
     */  
    public void processSync2(List data, final String word, int threadNum) {  
        if (data.size() < threadNum) {  
            process(data, word);  
        } else {  
            ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();  
            int num = data.size() / threadNum;    //每段要处理的数量  
            for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {  
                int start = i * num;  
                int end = (i + 1) * num;  
                if (i == threadNum - 1) {  
                    end = data.size();  
                }  
                final List cutList = data.subList(start, end);  
                executorService.execute(() -> process(cutList, word));  
            }  
            executorService.shutdown();  
        }  
    }  
  
}  

HttpClientUtils.java http请求工具类

import org.apache.http.Header;  
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;  
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;  
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;  
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;  
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;  
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;  
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;  
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;  
import org.slf4j.Logger;  
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;  
  
import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;  
import java.io.IOException;  
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;  
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;  
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;  
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;  
import java.util.ArrayList;  
import java.util.HashMap;  
import java.util.List;  
import java.util.Map;  
  
/**  
 * @author code4crafter@gmail.com  
 * Date: 17/3/27  
 */  
public abstract class HttpClientUtils {  
  
    public static Map> convertHeaders(Header[] headers) {  
        Map> results = new HashMap>();  
        for (Header header : headers) {  
            List list = results.get(header.getName());  
            if (list == null) {  
                list = new ArrayList();  
                results.put(header.getName(), list);  
            }  
            list.add(header.getValue());  
        }  
        return results;  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * http的get请求  
     * @param url  
     */  
    public static String get(String url) {  
        return get(url, "UTF-8");  
    }  
  
    public static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpClientUtils.class);  
  
    /**  
     * http的get请求  
     * @param url  
     */  
    public static String get(String url, String charset) {  
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);  
        return executeRequest(httpGet, charset);  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * http的get请求，增加异步请求头参数  
     * @param url  
     */  
    public static String ajaxGet(String url) {  
        return ajaxGet(url, "UTF-8");  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * http的get请求，增加异步请求头参数  
     *  
     * @param url  
     */  
    public static String ajaxGet(String url, String charset) {  
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);  
        httpGet.setHeader("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest");  
        return executeRequest(httpGet, charset);  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * @param url  
     * @return  
     */  
    public static String ajaxGet(CloseableHttpClient httpclient, String url) {  
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);  
        httpGet.setHeader("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest");  
        return executeRequest(httpclient, httpGet, "UTF-8");  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * http的post请求，传递map格式参数  
     */  
    public static String post(String url, Map dataMap) {  
        return post(url, dataMap, "UTF-8");  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * http的post请求，传递map格式参数  
     */  
    public static String post(String url, Map dataMap, String charset) {  
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);  
        try {  
            if (dataMap != null) {  
                List nvps = new ArrayList();  
                for (Map.Entry entry : dataMap.entrySet()) {  
                    nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));  
                }  
                UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, charset);  
                formEntity.setContentEncoding(charset);  
                httpPost.setEntity(formEntity);  
            }  
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        return executeRequest(httpPost, charset);  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * http的post请求，增加异步请求头参数，传递map格式参数  
     */  
    public static String ajaxPost(String url, Map dataMap) {  
        return ajaxPost(url, dataMap, "UTF-8");  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * http的post请求，增加异步请求头参数，传递map格式参数  
     */  
    public static String ajaxPost(String url, Map dataMap, String charset) {  
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);  
        httpPost.setHeader("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest");  
        try {  
            if (dataMap != null) {  
                List nvps = new ArrayList();  
                for (Map.Entry entry : dataMap.entrySet()) {  
                    nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));  
                }  
                UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, charset);  
                formEntity.setContentEncoding(charset);  
                httpPost.setEntity(formEntity);  
            }  
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        return executeRequest(httpPost, charset);  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * http的post请求，增加异步请求头参数，传递json格式参数  
     */  
    public static String ajaxPostJson(String url, String jsonString) {  
        return ajaxPostJson(url, jsonString, "UTF-8");  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * http的post请求，增加异步请求头参数，传递json格式参数  
     */  
    public static String ajaxPostJson(String url, String jsonString, String charset) {  
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);  
        httpPost.setHeader("X-Requested-With", "XMLHttpRequest");  
          
        StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(jsonString, charset);// 解决中文乱码问题  
        stringEntity.setContentEncoding(charset);  
        stringEntity.setContentType("application/json");  
        httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);  
        return executeRequest(httpPost, charset);  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * 执行一个http请求，传递HttpGet或HttpPost参数  
     */  
    public static String executeRequest(HttpUriRequest httpRequest) {  
        return executeRequest(httpRequest, "UTF-8");  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * 执行一个http请求，传递HttpGet或HttpPost参数  
     */  
    public static String executeRequest(HttpUriRequest httpRequest, String charset) {  
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient;  
        if ("https".equals(httpRequest.getURI().getScheme())) {  
            httpclient = createSSLInsecureClient();  
        } else {  
            httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();  
        }  
        String result = "";  
        try {  
            try {  
                CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpRequest);  
                HttpEntity entity = null;  
                try {  
                    entity = response.getEntity();  
                    result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, charset);  
                } finally {  
                    EntityUtils.consume(entity);  
                    response.close();  
                }  
            } finally {  
                httpclient.close();  
            }  
        } catch (IOException ex) {  
            ex.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  
  
    public static String executeRequest(CloseableHttpClient httpclient, HttpUriRequest httpRequest, String charset) {  
        String result = "";  
        try {  
            try {  
                CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpRequest);  
                HttpEntity entity = null;  
                try {  
                    entity = response.getEntity();  
                    result = EntityUtils.toString(entity, charset);  
                } finally {  
                    EntityUtils.consume(entity);  
                    response.close();  
                }  
            } finally {  
                httpclient.close();  
            }  
        } catch (IOException ex) {  
            ex.printStackTrace();  
        }  
        return result;  
    }  
  
    /**  
     * 创建 SSL连接  
     */  
    public static CloseableHttpClient createSSLInsecureClient() {  
        try {  
            SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(new TrustStrategy() {  
                @Override  
                public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {  
                    return true;  
                }  
            }).build();  
            SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, new HostnameVerifier() {  
                @Override  
                public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {  
                    return true;  
                }  
            });  
            return HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();  
        } catch (GeneralSecurityException ex) {  
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);  
        }  
    }  
}  

运行

由于网络等原因，我们发现并不能全部下载成功，不过可以多次运行尝试，可以实现较高的下载成功率。

图片

图片

图片

666，厉害了。。