来看美国预应力“双皮墙”大跨楼盖——DualDeck 系统

消息来源：工程建设标准与实践公众号

原文见美国FINFROCK公司网页（finfrock.com/making-it-happen-with-dualdeck/）

美国FINFROCK公司的新型大跨度DualDeck®复合桁架楼盖建筑系统具有下列优点：

——最大限度降低建筑被淘汰的可能

——缩短工期

——发挥混凝土结构的优越性

——没有承包商提出工程变更

——降低造价和全生命周成本

DualDeck®建筑系统是才十多年的研发与专利成果总结基础上，提出的改变产业的颠覆性技术。与传统的结构建造防方式不同，这种建筑系统可以高度定制，可灵活地适应大多数建筑方案或设计标准。大规模定制意味着可以加快进度，降低成本。通畅的楼盖间隙空间简化了维护，降低了全生命周成本。

DualDeck®的科学性

DualDeck ®建筑系统主要由为实现大跨度无柱支撑而设计的复合桁架楼盖组成。DualDeck®由两块63mm（2.5in）的预制预应力混凝土板与高强度钢筋和型钢连接而成。每个结构构件通常宽4.25m（14ft），长20.7m（68ft），厚50cm（20in）到60cm（24in）。将DualDeck®的顶板从模具中吊出，并移动到位于生产区中心的旋转真空台上。然后将顶板倒置，放置在正在浇筑的底板上。底板混凝土凝固后，DualDeck®就造成了。由于面板是倒置和翻转浇筑的，因此产品的两面都是完全平整的，可以更快地制作钢制的地板和天花板表面，而且处理成本更低。

DualDeck ®建筑系统细部构造

DualDeck®的优点

通过结合新技术——更强大的计算机、行业专业软件、BIM和激光技术，创造出了DualDeck®建筑系统这一颠覆性技术。它不仅改变了我们的建造方式，也改变了你购买建筑的方式。具备提前规划所有并纳入BIM模型的能力，让FINFROCK公司能够提高建筑质量，以更快的速度和更低的成本交付建筑。

最大限度降低建筑被淘汰的可能

事实证明，建筑信息模型（BIM）技术在DualDeck®建筑系统的商业化过程中发挥了重要作用。激光技术被用来定位产品中的机械、电气、管道和防火系统。在制造过程中，将这些系统集成为一种高效的结构产品，压缩了工期，并将等级施工现场的干扰降到最低。大跨度和通畅的楼盖间隙空间允许前所未有的开放性建筑平面，能够使您的建筑适应不断变化的功能需求。由于净跨度高达19.8m（65ft），由此产生的开放空间可以提供无限的可能性，如合并单元、扩大租户空间或完全改变建筑用途。当需求发生变化时，这种对楼盖间隙空间的利用使您能够更容易地调整建筑子系统以适应新的用途。DualDeck®建筑系统的灵活性让您的建筑能够应付任何未来的需求。

BIM模型和项目计划

缩短工期

由3D建模驱动的计算机辅助制造确保了产品的尺寸精度。卓越的精度使得在制造过程中可以进行子系统的安装，并且可以省去一些子系统的工作，如天花板、干墙、钻芯和地板找平等。同时，在制造预制构件的同时，FINFROCK公司已经开始了现场工作，以便在构件准备好安装后立即开始施工。即使在结构组装期间，分包商也可以进入建筑的部分区域，以进一步加快完工速度。简而言之，使用DualDeck®建筑系统可以提高您的投资回报率。

多功能性

DualDeck®可以有较大的跨度，提供更多的开放空间和设计灵活性。平整的上下表面允许直接安装地板。不需要处理，可以直接在混凝土天花板上涂漆或喷漆。DualDeck®还具有很小的拱曲，并且构件排列非常精确。在DualDeck®的推广初期，FINFROCK公司首先考虑将该地板系统完美地应用于停车场结构。但是，由于该产品有可能提高其他建筑类型的经济效益，它的最佳用途出现在住宅楼等成品建筑中。

英文原文

Making It Happen with DualDeck® - FINFROCK

“Imagine — a building system that reduces your risks and cost by ending unacceptable surprises during construction.”

Would you consider a different building system for your nextproject if you could gain even a few of the following benefits?

· Minimized chance ofbuilding obsolescence

· Accelerated schedules

· Superior attributes ofconcrete construction

· No contractor initiatedchange orders

· Lower initial and lifecycle costs

FINFROCK’s revolutionary DualDeck® Building System delivers not just a few, but all of these benefits with each project.

The DualDeck® Building System is the result of more than a decade of proprietary engineering and development — producing the type of disruptive technology that changes industries. Unlike typical construction methods, this building system can be highly customized with the flexibility to adapt to most any programmatic or design criteria. Mass customization means schedules can be accelerated, and costs can be reduced. Accessible interstitial space simplifies maintenance, reducing life cycle costs.

The Science of DualDeck®

The DualDeck® Building System consists of a composite truss designed for long spans of column-free support. DualDeck® is made by attaching two 2.5-in.-thick precast, prestressed concrete slabs with high-strength reinforcement and steel angles. Each structural member is typically up to 14 ft wide, 68 ft long, and between 20 and 24 in. thick. The top panel of a DualDeck® is lifted out of the form and moved to a rotating vacuum table located in the center of the production area. Once the top slab is inverted, it is set in the form where the bottom slab is being poured. The DualDeck® is complete once the bottom slab has cured. Because panels are poured upside down and flipped over, both sides of the product are perfectly flat, creating steel-formed floor and ceiling surfaces quicker and with less finishing costs.

The Benefits of DualDeck®

By combining incremental changes in technology — more powerful computers, industry specific software, BIM, and lasers — we’ve created the disruptive technology of the DualDeck Building System. It changes not only how we build buildings but also how you purchase them. The ability to plan everything ahead of time and include it in the BIM model allows FINFROCK to improve building quality and deliver buildings faster and at a reduced cost.

Minimized chance of building obsolescence

Building information modeling (BIM) technology has proved instrumental in commercializing the DualDeck® building system. Laser technology is used to position mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and fire-protection systems in the product. Casting these systems into an efficient structural product during manufacturing compresses schedules and minimizes site disruption. Long-span capabilities and easily accessible interstitial space permit unprecedented open floor plans capable of adapting your building to changing needs. With clear spans of up to 65 feet, the resulting open space lends itself to a myriad of possibilities: combining units, expanding tenant spaces, or completely changing a building’s use. When needs change, this access to interstitial gives you the ability to adapt building subsystems more easily to new uses. The flexibility of FINFROCK’s DualDeck® Building System prepares your building for any future demands.

Accelerated schedules

Computer aided manufacturing driven by 3D modeling ensures dimensional accuracy in the product. The exceptional accuracy allows subsystem installation during manufacturing and can eliminate some subtrades such as ceiling, drywall, core drilling, and floor leveling. Simultaneously, while manufacturing precast components, FINFROCK has already begun site work so construction can begin as soon as components are ready for installation. Even during assembly of the structure, subtrades have access to portions of the building to further speed completion. Simply put, using the DualDeck® Building System gives you the power to increase your ROI.

Versatility

The DualDeck® can have long spans, providing more open space and design flexibility. Smooth top and bottom surfaces allow flooring to be installed directly, without floor preparation, and paint to be applied directly to the concrete ceiling. The DualDeck® also has very low camber and members line up with exceptional accuracy. In DualDeck®’s infancy, FINFROCK first considered the flooring system as a perfect fit for parking structures. However, it became apparent that its best use was seen in finished buildings such as multifamily housing, due to the product’s potential to improve the economic efficiency of other building types.