坦桑尼亚2012版50先令纪念币Tanzania2012Edition50Shilling Coin

坦桑尼亚2012年版50先令纪念硬币（收于2018年）坦桑尼亚联合共和国，简称坦桑尼亚，由"坦噶尼喀"和"桑给巴尔"组成的联邦总统制国家。位于非洲东部、赤道以南。国土面积94.5万平方公里，全国总人口5910万（2018年），首都多多马，原首都达累斯萨拉姆。由于多多马环境，交通都不如达累斯萨拉姆，几十年来，坦历届总统都没把真正的政治中心搬到多多马。总统约翰·蓬贝·约瑟夫·马古富力。

坦桑尼亚是古人类发源地之一。7-8世纪，阿拉伯人和波斯人大批迁入。阿拉伯人于10世纪末建立过伊斯兰王国；波斯人曾在大陆东部沿海地区和桑给巴尔建立桑给帝国；桑给巴尔于1890年沦为英国"保护地"；1963年6月24日获得自治，同年12月10日宣告独立，成为苏丹王统治的君主立宪国家；1964年1月12日，桑人民推翻苏丹王统治，成立桑给巴尔人民共和国。

1886年坦噶尼喀内陆被划归德国势力范围；1917年11月英军占领坦全境；1920年坦成为英国"委任统治地"；1946年联合国大会通过决议，将坦改为英"托管地"；1961年5月1日坦取得内部自治，同年12月9日宣告独立，一年后成立坦噶尼喀共和国。

1964年4月26日坦噶尼喀和桑给巴尔组成联合共和国，同年10月29日改国名为坦桑尼亚联合共和国。

坦桑尼亚奉行不结盟和睦邻友好的外交政策，主张在互不干涉内政和相互尊重主权的基础上与各国发展友好合作关系。是联合国、不结盟运动、英联邦、非洲联盟、东非共同体、南部非洲发展共同体及环印度洋地区合作联盟等组织的成员国。同115个国家建有外交关系。1964年4月26日与中国建交。建交以来，中坦关系长期健康稳定发展。

坦桑尼亚是世界最不发达国家之一，经济以农业为主。严重脱离国情的"乌贾马"社会主义运动，致使经济发展严重滞后。但其资源丰富：有8个绿岩带，地层大多属太古代岩石。截至2014年已探明的主要矿产包括黄金、金刚石、铁、镍、磷酸盐、煤以及各类宝石等，总量居非洲第五位。世界最高独体山--乞力马扎罗山（非洲第一高峰）世界闻名。塞伦盖蒂国家公园，堪称最著名的野生动物庇护所。其它自然景观有恩戈罗戈罗火山口、东非大裂谷、马尼亚拉湖国家公园（因为大量的火烈鸟出名，这里是世界上著名的观鸟者的天堂）等。另有桑岛奴隶城、世界最古老的古人类遗址、阿拉伯商人遗址等历史人文景观。

坦桑尼亚先令是坦桑尼亚的流通货币。辅币单位为分；1先令=100分。此50先令黄铜七边形纪念厚币，正面主图为1985年11月5日至1995年11月23日期间出任坦桑尼亚总统的阿里·哈桑·姆维尼侧面图像和其名字"ALI HASSAN MWINYI"、国名"TANZANIA"发行年份"2012"等字样；背面主图为母子犀牛图、面额50及货币单位"SHILINGI HAMSINI"字样。

The United Republic of Tanzania, abbreviated as Tanzania, is a federal presidential state composed of "Tanganyika" and "Zanzibar". Located in eastern Africa, south of the equator. With an area of 945,000 square kilometers and a total population of 59.1 million (2018), the capital is dodoma and the former capital is Dar es Salaam. Due to the environment in dodoma, traffic is not as good as Dar es Salaam. For decades, successive Tanzanian presidents have not moved their real political center to dodoma. President John Pombe Joseph Magufuli.

Tanzania is one of the cradles of ancient mankind. From the 7th to the 8th century, Arabs and Persians moved in in large numbers. The Arabs established the Islamic Kingdom at the end of the 10th century. The Persians once established the Sangei Empire in the eastern coastal areas of the mainland and Zanzibar. Zanzibar became a British "protectorate" in 1890. He won autonomy on June 24, 1963 and declared independence on December 10 of the same year, becoming a constitutional monarchy ruled by the Sudanese king. On January 12, 1964, the people of San overthrew the rule of the sultan and established the people's Republic of Zanzibar.

In 1886, the interior of Tanganyika was transferred to the German sphere of influence. In November 1917, British troops occupied all of Tan. In 1920, Tan became Britain's "Mandate Land". In 1946, the UN General Assembly passed a resolution to change Tan into a British "trusteeship land". On May 1, 1961, Tan achieved internal autonomy. It declared independence on December 9 of the same year. A year later, the Republic of Tanganyika was established.

Tanganyika and Zanzibar formed the United Republic on April 26, 1964 and changed their name to the United Republic of Tanzania on October 29, 1964.

Tanzania pursues a foreign policy of non-alignment and good-neighborliness, and advocates the development of friendly and cooperative relations with all countries on the basis of non-interference in each other's internal affairs and mutual respect for sovereignty. It is a member of the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Commonwealth, the African Union, the East African Community, the Southern African Development Community and the Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation. It have diplomatic relations with 115 countries.It established diplomatic relations with China on April 26, 1964. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations, Sino-Tanzanian relations have developed healthily and steadily for a long time.

Tanzania is one of the least developed countries in the world. Its economy is dominated by agriculture. The "ujama" socialist movement, which is seriously porced from the national conditions, has caused a serious lag in economic development. However, it is rich in resources: there are 8 greenstone belts, most of which are Archean rocks. As of 2014, the proven major minerals include gold, diamond, iron, nickel, phosphate, coal and various precious stones, ranking fifth in total in Africa. The world's highest Monomer mountain, Kilimanjaro (Africa's highest peak), is world famous. Serengeti National Park is the most famous wildlife refuge. Other natural landscapes include the crater of Ngorongoro, the Rift Valley in East Africa, Maniyala Lake National Park (famous for a large number of flamingos, this is a paradise for the world's famous bird watchers), etc. There are also historical and cultural landscapes such as the Slave City of San Island, the world's oldest ancient human site, and the site of Arab businessmen.

Tanzanian shilling is Tanzania's currency. The unit of secondary currency is cent; One shilling =100 cents. This 50 shilling brass heptagon commemorative thick coin, The front main picture is side portrait of ali hassan mwinyi as Tanzanian President from November 5, 1985 to November 23, 1995 and his name "ALI HASSAN MWINYI"、Country name"TANZANIA"、the year of issue "2012".The main picture on the back is the mother-child rhinoceros picture, the denomination of 50 and the words "SHILINGI HAMSINI".