CNN 知天下- 视频游戏玩家 有丧失听力的风险

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COY WIRE, CNN 10 ANCHOR: Hello sunshine, happy Friday, Friyay, almost time to unwind and relaxed the mind before we creep into the weekend.

CNN10节目主持人，科伊·怀尔：各位周五好啊，在开启周末假期之前，让我们先来放松一下吧。

We'll go one more time, seek knowledge information with a bit of inspiration and without hesitation offer you the next generation, rise up.

我们会再一次带着些许灵感出发，去探索刚刚发生的事件，并毫无保留地呈现给大家。

We start today by talking about how video games may be affecting us in a way we might not realize.

今天，我们首先来谈谈电子游戏是如何潜移默化影响我们的。

Gaming is hugely popular around the world with fully committed gamers playing sometimes for hours each day.

电子游戏在全世界大受欢迎，忠实玩家有时每天都要玩上几个小时。

Here's the thing.

事情是这样。

They usually play with a volume cranked up and according to a new study published this week, this poses serious risks for hearing loss.

他们通常会把音量开得很大，而本周发布的一项新研究表示，这很可能会使听力严重受损。

Here's how our ears work.

看看人体的耳朵是如何工作的吧。

The inner ear or the spiral looking thingy known as the Cochlea contains thousands of sensory hairs.

内耳或这个螺旋状的结构被称为耳蜗，它包含数千根感觉毛。

Loud sounds can damage these hair cells in a way that can cause temporary, even permanent hearing loss.

巨大的声音会损坏这些毛细胞，从而导致暂时性甚至是永久性听力损失。

The damage is determined by how loud the noise is and how long the ear is exposed to it.

损害程度大小取决于噪音的响度和耳朵暴露在噪音中的时间长短。

So, a moderately loud noise occurring nearby only once would allow the ear to potentially recover.

因此，只发生一次中等响度的噪音的话，听力是有可能恢复的。

But if that exposure happens repeatedly over a period of time, that can lead to permanent loss.

但如果一段时间内反复听到某种噪音的话，有可能导致永久性听力损失。

So back to video games.

让我们再回到电子游戏问题上。

This new research review the 14 studies that included a total of 54,000 adults and children worldwide.

这项新研究回顾了14项前人的调查研究，调查范围包括全球共54,000名成人和儿童。

They found that the average participant in the study gained at sound levels that often nearly surpassed were outright exceeded what is considered a permissible level.

他们发现，参与研究人员接触的平均声级几乎超过甚至完全超出人体可接受的听力声级范围。

They also found that participants in the study who gained regularly were more likely to experience something called tinnitus, a hearing issue that presents as a ringing sound in the ear.

在这项研究中他们还发现，经常发胖的参与者更容易出现耳鸣，这是一种听力问题，具体表现为耳内会有响声。

So here's the question.

问题来了。

How can someone gain safely?

那如何控制所听到的音级，保护听力呢？

Well, based off this report, we should try to monitor sound levels.

根据这份报告显示，我们应该尝试去监测声级。

There are actually apps that can help you with this.

其实有一些应用程序可以帮各位解决这个问题。

But one general tip comes from a doctor to whom CNN spoke.

不过，一位受访医生提出了一个建议。

The doc recommended going no higher than 60% of the maximum volume.

医生建议声音最高不要超过人体可接受声级的60%。

But pay attention to your hearing, whether you're a gamer or not.

不过，不管你是否玩电子游戏，都要注意保护自己的听力。

If you notice any changes, especially that ringing sound in your ear, set up some time to speak with a doctor who can assess what might be going on.

如果你有任何变化，尤其是出现了耳鸣问题，请及时就医，让医生做一个正确的评估。

Next, you may remember we talked about an incident on a Boeing plane where a door plugged blew off midflight January 5th, the Alaska Airlines plane was left with a gaping hole, the size of a refrigerator with passengers inside while flying at 16,000 feet in the sky.

接下来要讲到的事件，各位可能还有印象，1月5日，阿拉斯加航空公司的一架波音客机在飞行途中发生故障，一个门塞被吹掉了，飞机上留下了一个冰箱大小的缺口，乘客被困在了里面，当时飞机正飞行在16000 英尺的高空中。

As a result of the incident, the Federal Aviation Administration grounded hundreds of 737 Max 9 planes.

事故发生后，美国联邦航空管理局停飞了数百架737 Max 9 飞机。

But now it looks like those planes may soon be cleared to return to the sky.

但现在看来，这些飞机可能很快就可以获准重返天空了。

Here's our Pete Muntean with more.

有请记者皮特·蒙泰安带来更详细报道。

PETE MUNTEAN, CNN AVIATION CORRESPONDENT: The latest is the FAA has done its part.

CNN航空记者，皮特·蒙泰安:最新消息，美国联邦航空局已经完成调查。

It's ended the 19 day long emergency grounding of the Max 9.

长达19天的Max 9紧急停飞指令即将结束。

It reviewed the data from Boeing Airlines at about a quarter of the fleet that's out there in the U.S. So the Max 9 can fly again.

在此期间，联邦航空局审查了波音航空公司的有关数据，这些数据约占美国现有机队的四分之一，因此 Max 9飞机可以再次飞行。

But now before airlines do a final check of each plane, here is what the FAA is calling for, a detailed visual inspection of the door plug.

但现在，在航空公司对每架飞机进行最后检查之前，美国联邦航空局要求，需要对舱门塞进行细致的目视检查。

That is the part that violently shot off Alaska 1282, 3 weeks ago.

这就是三周前，阿拉斯加1282号发生爆炸的部分。

The FAA also once checks of the bolts and guides that hold the door plug on the plane and any abnormal conditions to be corrected.

美国联邦航空局还对固定飞机门塞的螺栓和导轨进行了检查，并对所有异常情况进行了纠正。

Remember both airlines that operate these planes found loose door plug bolts.

请记住，运营这些飞机的两家航空公司都发现了机舱门门塞螺栓松动的情况。

Alaska Airlines has 65 Max 9s.

阿拉斯加航空公司有65架Max 9飞机。

They say inspections will take about 12 hours of labor, meaning the first few Max 9s at Alaska Airlines will be flying as soon as Friday.

他们表示，检查工作将耗时约12个小时，这意味着阿拉斯加航空公司的首批Max 9飞机最快将于周五投入飞行工作。

United Airlines is 79 Max 9s.

联合航空公司有79架Max 9飞机。

United says its planes will be flying by Sunday.

美联航表示，其飞机将于周日起开始飞行。

Airlines cannot wait to end this chapter after being forced to cancel flights by the thousands, even still the question a lot of people have is, are these planes truly safe?

在被迫取消成千上万的航班后，航空公司迫不及待地想早些结束禁飞禁令，但很多人仍对此持有疑问：这些飞机真的安全吗？

Important to note the NTSB has not finished its investigation.

值得注意的是，美国国家运输安全委员会尚未完成调查任务。

And this week I asked that question to FAA Administrator, Mike Whitaker.

本周，我向美国联邦航空局局长迈克·惠特克提出了这个问题。

PETE MUNTEAN: Should the flying public feel safe being on a Max 9 when it is ultimately ungrounded?

皮特·蒙泰安：Max 9飞机飞行时，乘坐飞机的民众是否可以认为飞机是安全的呢?

MICHAEL WHITAKER,FAA ADMINISTRATOR: If -- if the aircraft is ungrounded, that means that we believe it's -- it's airworthy.

美国联邦航空局局长，迈克尔·惠特克:如果飞机没有停飞的话，那就意味着我们认为它是适航的。

And if it's airworthy, the aircraft is safe.

如果飞机是适航的，那么它就是安全的。

I can say that we're not going to let that aircraft back in the air until we're convinced that that issue has -- has been taken care of.

我可以保证，在我们确信这个问题已经得到充分解决之前，我们不会让那架飞机重返空中的。

WIRE: Hot quiz, hot shot.

怀尔：“十秒快问快答”时间到。

What was the first supersonic passenger carrying commercial airplane called?

第一架超音速商用客机叫什么名字呢？

Hurricane, Concorde, Nighthawk or Sky Crane?

飓风、协和式、夜鹰还是天鹤呢?

If you pilot said the Concorde,congrats, you've passed with flying colors.

如果你的回答是协和式飞机的话，恭喜你，成功通过考验。

From its first light in 1969 until its last in 2003, the Concorde supersonic plane shovel passengers at speeds far faster than traditional airlines.

从1969年首飞到2003年的最后一次试飞期间，协和式超音速飞机一直在以远远快于传统航空公司客机的速度运送着乘客。

Next, we're looking at how NASA is aiming to take commercial travel to supersonic speeds.

接下来，让我们了解一下美国国家航空航天局是如何致力于将商业旅行速度提升到超音速的吧。

NASA has been testing the limits of flying both in space and here on earth for decades.

几十年来，美国国家航空航天局一直在测试探索着太空和地球飞行的极限。

In 1947, X-1 became the first manned aircraft to break the sound barrier.

1947年，X-1飞机成为第一架突破音障的载人飞机。

In 1967, X-15 broke the record for fastest manned flight ever, and that record 6.7 times the speed of sound still stands to this day.

1967年，X-15飞机打破了有史以来最快的载人飞行速度纪录，其6.7倍音速的纪录至今仍未被超越。

Now NASA has created a new aircraft called X-59 intended to become the future of supersonic commercial air travel.

现在，美国国家航空航天局制造了一架名为 X-59 的新型飞机，旨在引领超音速商业航空旅行的全新未来。

But they've had to spend decades researching ways to fix issues with supersonic travel like a little thing called Sonic boom.

但是此前他们已经花了数十年的时间来研究如何解决超音速飞行的问题，比如一个叫做音爆的“小”问题。

No, not the special attack by Guile from Street Fighter.

别想错了，这可不是指《街头霸王》中古尔的特殊攻击技能。

This Sonic boom, an enormous amount of sound energy created when an aircraft breaks the sound barrier, which is about 750 miles per hour.

音爆指的是飞机突破音障时产生的巨大声能，时速约为 750 英里。

The boom registers at about 110 decibels, about as loud as a thunderclap and loud enough to crack windows on a house.

轰鸣声约为110分贝，与雷鸣声差不多大，足以震裂房屋上的窗户。

But, even though NASA says the X-59 will cruise at about 925 miles per hour, it is designed to produce more of a thump than a boom spreading out the sound rather than bringing it together.

但是，尽管美国国家航空航天局表示，X-59飞机将以每小时925英里的速度巡航，但其设计产生的更多是“砰”的一声，而不是“轰”的一声，是要分散声音而不是聚集声音。

Besides the loud sound like all air travel, another concern is the impact on the climate.

除了会产生像所有航空飞行一样的巨大声响外，另一个令人担忧的问题是其对气候的影响。

NASA has a program looking at sustainable fuels for supersonic flight, because that's going to be another requirement to truly make it a viable option in the future.

美国国家航空航天局有一个研究超音速飞行可持续燃料的项目，因为这将是未来真正实现超音速飞行的另一个必要条件。

For today's story getting a 10 out of 10, a conspiracy theory swirling around online ahead of the NFL conference championships this weekend.

今天的“最后一分钟”要讲的是本周末美国国家橄榄球联盟将举行的分区冠军赛，此前，网上流传着一种阴谋论。

Just four teams remain and the winners go to the Super Bowl.

现在只剩下四支球队，胜者将参加“超级碗”比赛。

But are the two teams that will eventually face off in Las Vegas predetermined?

但这两支最终将在拉斯维加斯对决的球队是预先就确定好了的吗?

And is there a clue in the Super Bowl logo?

这在“超级碗”的徽标里能发现什么线索吗？

Follow me down the rabbit hole as we investigate this theory that there's more than needs the eye to the colors of the Super Bowl logo.

跟我一起深入研究一下吧，看看“超级碗”的徽标设计是否真的暗藏玄机。

WIRE: All right, something's going on with the Super Bowl logos.

怀尔：好了，都在说“超级碗”的徽标设计有猫腻。

Is this magic coincidence, something supernatural or maybe it's part of this giant league wide conspiracy that some have said, are the NFL seasons scripted?

这究竟是神奇的巧合，还是某种超自然现象，抑或是某些人所说的美国职业橄榄球大联盟巨大阴谋的一部分呢，比赛真的是有剧本的吗？

What's going on here?

事情究竟如何呢？

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: Welcome to the table read for the 104th season of the NFL.

不明身份男子：欢迎各位前来查看美国国家橄榄球联盟第104赛季的赛程表。

Let's get to work.

开始吧。

WIRE: At the start of the season, the NFL launched an ad, joking that the games were scripted, but many online, they think it's true.

怀尔：本赛季伊始，美国国家橄榄球联盟推出了一则广告，戏称比赛都是编排好的，但许多网友都认为事情确实如此。

For the last two seasons, the Super Bowl logos match the color schemes of the two teams playing.

在过去的两个赛季中，“超级碗”的徽标设计都与参赛两队的配色方案相匹配。

And, but the league tells us they design these logos up to two years in advance.

而且，联盟组织还称，他们会提前两年设计这些标志。

In 2022, the Superbowl 56 logo had the orange of the Cincinnati Bengals and gold of the LA Rams.

比方说，2022年，第56届“超级碗”的标志是辛辛那提孟加拉虎队的橙色和洛杉矶公羊队的金色。

The following season, the colors were replaced by Philadelphia Eagles green and Kansas City Chiefs red.

接下来的一个赛季，颜色换成了费城老鹰队的绿色和堪萨斯城酋长队的红色。

Is this some master plan and we're all just drinking the Kool-Aid, was like predetermined to play for the Falcons and the Buffalo Bills before that?

这是有什么总体规划吗，就像我们都在喝着酷爱饮料，在那之前就注定要为猎鹰队和纽约水牛城比尔队效力吗?

No.

这可不行。

Some online are calling foul, suggesting some nefarious conspiracy theory that the league already knows what teams it wants to make the big game.

一些网友在网上大喊犯规，提出了一些邪恶的阴谋论，认为联盟已经计划好它想让哪些球队参加重要比赛。

And they fall a predetermined outcome rate in our faces.

他们甚至还把预定的结果都抛了出来。

This year's Super Bowl logo colors purple and red, leaving only one possible outcome for this weekend's conference championships.

今年“超级碗”的徽标颜色为紫色和红色，因此他们认为本周末的分区冠军赛只有一种可能的结果。

Time will tell if the Ravens or 49ers proved the Super Bowl logo right.

是乌鸦队还是 49 人队胜出，这会证明“超级碗”徽标的指向正确性，时间会证明一切的。

Yet again, the NFL has denied any conspiracy theory.

然而，美国橄榄球联盟再次否认了任何阴谋论的存在。

They would say that one thing.

他们只会说这一件事。

WIRE: Thanks to producer Will Edmonds.

怀尔：感谢制片人威尔·埃德蒙兹。

Clearly, we had some fun with that.

显然，我们玩的很开心。

You know, we are committed to telling you the what, letting you decide what to think.

要知道，我们一直是扮演着讲述者的角色，让各位对问题保持自己的判断力。

Thanks to my CNN 10 producer this week.

感谢本周CNN 10节目的制片人。

Jeremy Dunn, Victoria Fleischer, Nader Nikoupour, Kat Jennings, Sylvie Asath and Matthew Abshire.

杰里米·邓恩、维多利亚·弗莱舍、纳德·尼寇波尔、凯特·戴琳斯、希尔薇·阿萨特以及马修·爱博夏尔。

We thank all of you.

感谢各位的付出。

Today, we're giving a shout out to the Clippers at Patterson High School in Baltimore, Maryland, rise up.

今天我们要为马里兰州巴尔的摩市帕特森高中的快船队欢呼，向你们致敬。

Good luck to your Ravens.

祝乌鸦队好运。

Have an awesome weekend superstar.

各位，周末愉快。

Remember that you are going to be the light that someone needs someday.

记住，总有一天你会成为别人需要的那道光。

You are more powerful than you know.

你比你想象的要更加强大。

I'm Coy Wire.

我是科伊·怀尔。

It's been a blessing to spend this week with you.

很高兴这周能与你相伴。